The Basic Principles Of CLBO Crystal
The Basic Principles Of CLBO Crystal
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All-sound-condition ultraviolet lasers are widely used in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and medicine for the advantages of little quantity, very long lifetime, significant effectiveness, great beam high quality, large tuning and slim spectral line, and so on. Making use of substantial electricity close to-infrared coherent gentle source as the elemental frequency supply determined by nonlinear tuning know-how, creating ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is considered to be an important approach to build the ultraviolet coherent mild source.
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全固态紫外激光器以其体积小、寿命长、效率高、光束质量好、调谐范围宽、谱线窄等优点，广泛应用于机械探伤、光刻、微加工和医学等领域，等，利用大功率近红外相干光源作为基于非线性调谐技术的基频源，通过多级变频产生紫外相干辐射被认为是发展紫外相干光源的重要途径。紫外相干光源的关键问题是研制紫外波段的非线性光学变频晶体。非线性光学晶体是实现频率变换的条件之一，因此对非线性光学晶体的生长、尺寸、损伤电阻、转换效率和允许的参数范围提出了越来越高的要求。
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Due to the thermal lens outcome while in the strong-condition lasers, In the event the heating administration is insufficient, It's not at all uncomplicated to acquire the reliable-state laser which has a substantial electrical power and a significant beam top quality at the same time. Recently, with the development of the thin disk laser and solitary-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a large-electricity laser at the basic wavelength (one μm) had been recognized with a great beam excellent even with a TEM00 mode beam [4,24], which might be great candidates for the elemental from the DUV laser era. An additional applicant for the basic could be the substantial-electric power fiber laser which could be achieved by coherent beam combination with M2 price less than 1.
On the other facet, the facility scaling of your NIR laser is an additional element to enhance the common electricity from the 193-nm DUV laser. Mainly because of the insufficient the superior-electrical power amplification Alternative from the NIR laser (for example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes which include optical parameter oscillation (OPO) can be applied to make a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength in addition to obtaining relative increased ability [21]. Lately, a diamond Raman laser showed its capacity in obtaining a higher energy along with a higher conversion efficiency within the 1st Stokes of your one-μm laser [22,23], which implies the possibility being utilized inside the 193-nm DUV laser generation thanks to its substantial Raman obtain and huge frequency shift.
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From the scientific and industrial purposes, the beam excellent of your DUV laser is usually an important parameter. Particularly, the beam top quality on the DUV laser substantially impacts the laser machining final results. The beam high-quality with the DUV laser is determined by that of the elemental laser along with the crystal for your frequency conversion. Not too long ago, a high-electricity DUV laser (>10 W) at 258 nm was reported by using a beam quality of M2 < 1.five, which was generated click here by FHG of a Yb:YAG laser at 1030 nm utilizing the CLBO crystal [thirteen]. This laser would bring about a far better laser machining outcome as compared to the previous DUV lasers with greater M2.
The heart beat duration of the 2nd Stokes mild was shortened to five ns as proven in Determine 7a, an individual-shot picture with the oscilloscope, which is a typical phenomenon in Raman laser [44] when the heartbeat period from the pump laser was ten ns.
Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the best non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics in the Nd:YAG basic laser wavelength. As a way to boost the injury threshold, reduced CLBO surface area roughness, by extremely-precision machining, is required. As the CLBO crystal has straightforward hydroscopic response and micro scratches in machining, ultra-specific machining on the CLBO crystal can be a tough complex challenge.
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The conversion performance from basic NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% in accordance with the noted brings about Table 1. Expanding the conversion effectiveness will lessen the burden on the design and set up of the elemental laser amplifier in addition to the electric powered energy intake. A very good beam high quality of the basic laser may even lead into the increasing from the conversion efficiency along with the suitable electric power depth of your NIR and eco-friendly laser while in the SHG and FHG procedure, respectively. The highest conversion efficiencies from NIR to eco-friendly and green to DUV laser by use of CLBO crystal are 70% and around fifty%, respectively [12], which corresponds to the conversion performance of 35% from elementary to DUV.
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